Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Ozone and Its Influencing Factors in China

Tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution has emerged as a significant concern, it can adversely influence human health, daily activities, and the surrounding environment(The following tropospheric O3 is referred to O3). Research on societal contribution primarily concentrates generation mechanisms chemical processes, with limited studies examining of social economic activities at national scale. In this investigation, spatial econometric models, random forest geographically weighted regression (GWR) were adopted for assessing effects meteorological, natural, socioeconomic factors concentration throughout country. The error model (SEM) revealed that precipitation, temperature, wind direction, per capita GDP, RD project funding, SO2 primary influencing in China, among which precipitation had strongest effect O3, followed by temperature SO2. Subsequently, GWR was utilized demonstrate regional differences impacts NOx, secondary industry proportion, electricity consumption. central western regions, such Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guizhou, power consumption leading contributing severe pollution. proportion substantially affected Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, indicating sector played crucial role region’s growth contributed elevated concentrations. Meteorological, exhibited lesser most eastern regions compared regions. This study’s findings identified contributors provided scientific basis developing strategies mitigate its impact.